Pedro Gonzalez Chapinal
We could point out that traditionally, there are two pure models in Economics: the centralized or decentralized the. The centralized model consists in leaving a central body that take economic decisions that will produce goods and services. This body will decide which goods producing, who and how to distribute them, how much to assign to each person, etc.. In this system the personal initiative and private property are left to side by what motivation decreases in the economic sphere. The decentralized system is to give priority to individuals in the development of the economy. Each individual decides the activity that you want to perform either in the production, marketing or distribution… The decentralized system establishes performance standards as respect for private property and free competition. The implementation of these systems always occur in irreconcilable differences between producers and investors, that in the long run cause conflicts and large social differences.
Within these two great models have appeared influenced by the historical moments variations that have been framed. One of the most prominent have been libertarian economic systems that practice, until now a small or medium-scale. The goal is in common self-management and therefore freedom and economic self-determination is one of the fundamental parts of human life. Examples of these libertarian economic systems are Mutualism where base is the Association of consumers and producers, with a price derived from the cost of production, and eliminating the profit. To each according to his work would be his motto.
Or collectivism which advocates the collective ownership of the means of production, but the value of the work to be distributed in proportion to the work and its quality. Or ecological economics that assumes an inherent relationship between the health of ecosystems and humans. These examples were sons of his era and need, specifying projects rebranded as the store’s time from Cincinnati who was the first mutualist experiment. At the store, consumers could buy goods with notes of work representing an agreement to carry out work; or as modern times which was a colony which was based on the idea of individual sovereignty and individual responsibility. Without a doubt, in these moments there the same structure and social, economic or political juncture that in the decades and centuries past by what the solutions or proposed economic alternatives have to be different and adapted to the current social reality. These solutions should take three essential guidelines to deal with any guarantee of success: greater specialization, greater Codependence and greater potential for adaptation. Greater specialization will mean to compete successfully on the market so atomized that now develops in the economy globalized thanks to the reduction of competition that involves. Greater Codependence and synergy between the specialized local economic units in order to create a network of support that allow a common growth and constitutes a commercial alternative basis. These two factors will achieve a higher coefficient of adaptation and evolution of these local alternative economic models that will facilitate their survival and consolidation in the markets.