Siglo XIX


Not having money or time are two great excuses to get the physical exercise. I do not want to deceive, I myself have used such excuses a million times. The gym is not always pleasant or fun, but the truth is that your best friend to keep everything in place before that gravity plays against us. There are exercises to do in the comfort of your home without buying expensive equipment. What I really need is will power and perseverance. So if you want some Durito buttocks and legs toned it’s time to move. Enough excuses, to work. Among the initiators of the modern gymnastics Francisco Amoros, whose work deals gymnastic and moral education of joy huge success throughout Europe. Much of the rapid development of gymnastics movement is due to Per Henrik Ling (1776-1839), founder of the Central Gymnastics Institute in Stockholm, whose thesis was to “physical and moral perfection” of the citizen through the exercise. His great contribution was to introduce the systematic exercise, and dosage instructions. Ling gymnastics divided in 4 areas: educational, medical, military and aesthetic. While I’m writing a book, their treaties were made known by his disciples and Georgii Liedbek in general fundamentals of gymnastics in 1840 which includes the term kinesitherapy, defined as the general notion of exercise methods that run the patient only by prescription medical therapist of a passive patient, or therapist and patient together.
The Ling system of exercises required a continuous personal attention of the therapist. Gustav Zander concluded with levers, pulleys and weights (mechanotherapy) could provide both resistance and support, eliminating the therapist, other than to bring the patient to begin treatment and regular monitoring. Weir Mitchell who was transferring the knowledge of gymnastics to the European universities in the United States.
Following the discovery of Galvani and Volta, many authors began to publish on healing by galvanism. Following the discovery of electric induction by Michael Faraday in 1831, this type of electricity joined therapeutics. Shortly afterwards, Douchene de Boulogne (1806-1875) stress the fact that certain paralyzed muscles retain current faradic excitability, while others lost. Since this could differentiate between central and peripheral paralysis, leading to the practical application of Electro. At the end of the century, Jacques-Arsene d’Arsonval began to applications of high frequency currents to determine the importance of tension and intensity. Showed inexcitabilidad neuromuscular and heat production in this type of deep currents.
The use of macrosomic forces (air, water soil and sunlight) enabling the systematization of hydrotherapy and spa treatments. Anton Sebastian Kneipp (1821-1897), pastor German, was one of the major drivers of hydrotherapy. The applications were the most used jets, cold baths, steam and hot washes, as well as medicinal plants. Their method was called “Kneipp cure. Wilhelm Winternitz (1835-1917), doctor come consolidates hydrotherapy as medical science, laying the groundwork and establishing the physiological signs which that will be introduced at the university.
Dowen and Blunot showed that sunlight was able to destroy certain bacteria that provided some infections, which provides the scientific support heliotherapy. But the use of sunlight as a therapist was popularized by Arnold Rikli, who designed a sanatorium in Austria and got great results. At the beginning of the next century, and Rollier Benhard worked that helped sustain heliotherapy with scientific foundations.
The practice of massage revived thanks to Johan Georg Metzger (1838-1913), who published in the late nineteenth century methods of Ling applied to medicine in his book deals with dislocations of the foot by means of massage, which was a great success. Classifies soft friction massage, friction, kneading and tapping. Lucas Championiere introduced the massage and the need for mobility and fractures early sequelae.
Electromagnetic induction Faraday took mathematically by James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879), who sets out the equations that govern electromagnetic phenomena and bright. The traditional mechanisms, built by Newton and Galileo, was not questioned by the demonstration of Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (1857-1894) and Henri Poincar (1854-1912) on the propagation of electromagnetic waves. They settled in this era of thermodynamics and the principles were incorporated into the treatment of electromagnetic radiation, ultraviolet and infrared produced artificially.
System appeared spinal manipulation (chiropractic) designed by Daniel Palmer and the doctrine of osteopathy by Andrew Taylor Still.

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